What Is Evaporite Karst? Why Can Rock Salt and Gypsum Form Caves, Subsidence and Sinkholes?
USGS explanation of caves, subsidence and sinkholes produced by dissolution of highly soluble halite and gypsum.
Bilal ÖZKAN
Why Do Potash and Magnesium Salts Form After Halite? Residual-Brine Chemistry
The geochemical logic behind enrichment of K, Mg, Li and other elements in residual brines after halite precipitation.
Playas, Sabkhas and Saline Lakes: How Do Evaporite Minerals Precipitate Near the Surface?
How near-surface evaporation, temperature and brine movement control halite, gypsum and carnallite precipitation in saline systems.
What Was the Parent Brine of the Castile Evaporites? Testing Marine Origin with Strontium Isotopes
A USGS strontium-isotope test of whether Castile Formation evaporites were derived mainly from seawater or strongly mixed continental waters.
Permian Basin Evaporites: Salt, Gypsum and Potash Successions Reaching 2,000 Metres
The development of the thick dolomite, gypsum/anhydrite, halite and potash succession in the southwestern US Permian Basin.
Why Do Gypsum and Halite Precipitate in Different Parts of the Same Basin? Density Stratification and Salinity
How USGS interpretations of Castile and Salado evaporites explain gypsum and halite forming under different hydrologic conditions.
How Do Thick Rock-Salt Deposits Form? Restricted Basins and Repeated Seawater Replenishment
Why thick rock-salt and gypsum successions generally require repeated replenishment rather than a single isolated sea drying once.
What Precipitates First as Seawater Evaporates? The Gypsum, Halite and Potash Sequence
An explanation of the typical gypsum/anhydrite, halite and sylvite-potash precipitation sequence in marine evaporite systems.
Why Is Halite a Chemical Archive of Ancient Oceans? A 550-Million-Year Record from Fluid Inclusions
A synthesis of modern, Silurian, Permian, Cretaceous and Neoproterozoic halite studies explaining why halite is a powerful archive of paleoseawater chemistry.
How Are Halite Fluid Inclusions Calibrated in the Laboratory? Melting Behavior and Brine Systems
Testing fluid-inclusion analytical methods with laboratory-grown halite in NaCl-KCl-MgCl2-CaCl2 brine systems.